Hip Hip Essay -- essays research papers fc

The IntroductionHip hop as a ding an sich is marked by almost confusion. Consider the name is it "hip hop," "hip-hop" or "hiphop"? You will see all three used in titles in this bibliography. Hip hop is, at the same time, a cultural phenomenon that developed in the late 70s in the projects in Brooklyn and the Bronx, and a musical style from that phenomenon. Nevertheless, hip hop has become a pervasive element of popular culture, as witnessed by this bibliography. There are hip hop exercise videos, childrens books as well as books, magazines, magazine articles and theses about it.Before we get to the bibliography, a brief hip hop history is in order. Hip hop began in the mid- to late 70s, but its roots are much older (indeed, hip hops use of music from other genres is reflected in Renaissance parody masses). According to one source, the roots of this phenomenon are in Jamaica in the 40s. By the 60s, it was common to find "sounds", or a truck fitted w ith sound equipment parked at a street corner, playing the Statesn rhythm & deoxyadenosine monophosphate blues records for the people in the neighborhood. Some of these DJs included Coxson Dodd, Prince Buster, and Duke Reid. By the 1970s this phenomenon was to be found in the US, particularly in the Farragut Projects in Brooklyn, NY. Some of these early DJs were Maboya, Plummer and Kool DJ D, who played mostly disco music. Another of these early figures, Kool Herc, emigrated to the States from Jamaica and settled in the Bronx with his sound system he called "the Herculords." In contrast to some of the other figures, Kool Herc rivet on rhythm & blues and funk records. Another of Kool Hercs innovations was to play only the " tick off," or the musical material between the verses of a song, repeating that break again and again. He did this using two turntables mounted with the same record. This came to be called "break-beat deejaying." People began to perform "strange, acrobatic twisting dance routines" to these episodes that came to be called "break dances."2Kool Herc eventually hired someone to "MC" these parties. This person would talk to the crowd between the songs to keep the party going. This was the beginning of "rapping." DJ Hollywood, one of the early MCs at Kool Hercs parties would use rhyming verses in his rap... ..., ed. Drumvoices. University of Illinois, Edwardsville, Illinois, 2004. Contains "The Hip Hop Nation as a Site of African American Cultural and Historical Memory" by James Spady.Roberts, John W. From hucklebuck to hip-hop social dance in the African-American community in Philadelphia. Philadelphia, Pa. Odunde, 1995.Sansevere, John R. Post-bop hip-hop a tribe called Quest. Racine, Wis. Western Pub. Co., 1993.Sexton, Adam., ed. water tap on rap straight-up talk on hip-hop culture. New York Delta, 1995.Shabazz, Julian L. D. The United States of America vs. hip-hop. Hampton, V A United Bros. Pub. Co., 1992.Shaw, Arnold. Black popular music in America from the spirituals, minstrels, and ragtime to soul, disco, and hip-hop. New York London Schirmer Books Collier Macmillan, 1986.Shomari, Hashim A. From the underground hip hop culture as an agent of social change. Fanwood, NJ X-Factor Publications, 1995.Smash, Nick. Hip hop 86-89. Woodford Green, Essex, England transnational Music Publications, 1990. Illustrated.Spady, James G., and Joseph D. Eure. Nation conscious rap. AfroAmericanization of knowledge series 3. New York PC International Press, 1991.