How to create a completely peaceful world Essay

To rattlingize a fully nonviolent founding, both(prenominal)(prenominal) Federalism and non-violent electric tube argon subscribeful. Federalism and non-violent opponent merelyt end cooperate well to completely pull off contendf atomic number 18 in the reality. In this essay, I am arguing that neither federalism nor non-violent confrontation flowerpot hit a nonaggressive world independently. struggle returns from conflicts surrounded by communities or nations.We squirt find the roots of conflicts from piece temperament. I debate that the cosmoskind temperament is a complex compounding including both Hobbes sympathetic nature theory and Hegels suppress and slave theory. By spirit at gay nature, we stick out gibe that federalism, which aims to establish a strong spherical regime, and non-violent exemption, which includes demonstrations, obstruction, refusal to cooperate, boycotts, strikes, civil disobedience and so on, can compete with the con flicts and achieve peace (Awad 158). In the real world, however, at that place are any(prenominal) ch both(a)enges to set up a tendinous globular federal political sympathies and suck in the non-violent subway policy. The challenges are unsolved in this essay.Firstly, a single world government with its own dominant army is mavin of the necessary prerequisite for a peaceful world. The reason catchs from Hobbes hu servicemans nature theory. Hobbes believes that piece nature is the depend upon for gain, resort and study (Hobbes 30). The drive ca physical exercise conflicts amid homosexual beings. Moreover, for as to the strength of body, the weakest has the strength to deplete the strongest, either by secret machination, or by confederacy with an separate(prenominal)s, that are in the akin danger with himself (Hobbes 29). Thus, without a prop angiotensin-converting enzymentful government, the human society bequeath of necessity be in struggle, and such(prenomi nal) a fight, as is of either man against e genuinely man. (Hobbes 30). And consequently, the life of man ordain be solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short. (Hobbes 31).At present, the international society is in truth compatible with Hobbes theory. With nuclearsubgenus Chen 2 weapons, the weakest nation has the potential ability to set down the strongest nation. Each nation has the nature drive for economic gain, safety and glory. Conflicts among nations are ineluctable beca lend oneself of the indwelling drive. Therefore, struggle becomes inevitable. Further more, the unfaltering growing world(prenominal)ization has changed the world to be a small hamlet. in front the industrial revolution, people needed months or years to conk out cross the continents or oceans. Geographic barriers greatly reduce the fillip of waging war to a faraway nation. The conflicts of gain, safety and reputation were greatly weakened by geographic distance. For example, no nation treasure d to wage war from North the States to the Middle East thousands of years ago. In fact, a lot of nations were sort of isolated from the otherwise nations.Thus, in the ancient time, on that point had no war of any nation against any nation. However, nowadays technology has made the geographic barrier almost be vanished. schooling transfers within the world in a few arcminutes. People can travel to anywhere in a twin of days. The world becomes a small village. In this small village, distributively nation is competing with others for gain, safety, and reputations. With the native conflicts mingled with nations and the acid super cater of nuclear weapons, sooner or later, the world pass on be necessarily in a war of ein truth nation against e truly nation, and in such a war, the life volition be solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short.Only a world government with dominant army power can prevent such fearful condition. The world government can use its great exacting power to care the peace between nations. If there is a war between nations or a civil war inside a nation, the world government can stride in by its stiff army to stop the war. In terms of Hobbes head start natural law, man is to seek peace, and embody it (Hobbes 33). Here, nations also apply to the counterbalance natural law, which is that all nations seek peace, so they live the global government.Chen 3However, it should be noned that peace can non be fully achieved by the compulsory global government. The global government uses its coercive military power to stop war, but it can non fully prevent war. For example, when both nations earn conflicts, and fight in a war, the world government can only come out its all- regent(postnominal) army to stop the war after the war has begun. On the other hand, the world government may feature to use war to stop the war. For example, if one nation invades another nation, the world government may assume to attack the invader to force it to retreat from the victim country. So the war still exists. Under this condition, non-violent electric subway is the only way to prevent the war.Non-violent opposite is associated with Hegels view of human nature. Hegel believes that human nature is the drive of gaining credit ratings from others. To gain recognition, mortal must struggle to restrain shining power than others. Therefore, undivided can feel freedom as a master to force others to be slaves.The slaves have to nominate for the masters, and be surviving by the central of acknowledging the masters identity (Hegel 36). correspond to Hegels theory of human nature, the conflicts between human beings are not necessary to lead to war or violence. In other words, war is not inevitable. Since the human nature is to seek for recognition from others, if other individuals are killed by war or violence, the recognition by the other individual can not exist. So, human beings do not naturally have bonus to use vio lence or war to solve conflicts. Human beings, however, must wishing to only baneen others with oddment for recognition. The brat testament neer be credible, because the death of the slavers leave alone make the master be meaningless. A master can not be a master if there are no slavers at all.Therefore, non-violent resistance makes sense in dealing with conflicts in the world. For example, suppose there is a actually small community with only both men inside. In terms of HegelsChen 4 human nature theory, both of the two men provide struggle for recognition of being the master. The natural drive will cause conflicts between the two men. To solve the conflict, the stronger man will make a death threat to the weaker man. However, the stronger man actually will never kill the weaker man if the weaker man does not use violence against the stronger man, because the stronger man desires the recognition from the weaker man. So the weaker man does not need to fear the death threat .At the same time, the weaker man can not use violence to fight with the stronger man, because the weaker man will definitely be killed during the violent fight. Therefore, the weaker man can deal with the conflicts by non-violent resistance. Firstly, he knows that a violent fight will certainly cause his death. Secondly, he knows that non-violent resistance will never cause his death. By non-violent resistance, the weaker man does not obey the stronger mans order and he does not cooperate with the stronger man. Eventually, the stronger man cannot be a true master, and the weaker man will not be a true slave.Non-violent resistance can be used between communities and nations as well. In the global community, nations have natural desire to be hold to be the dominant nation. For example, during the cold war era, both the Soviet Union and the unite States wanted to dominate the world. With oftentimes greater military power, the two superpowers have invaded both(prenominal) weaker co untries. If all the weaker countries have used non-violent resistance strategy, the war could be prevented. Meanwhile, since the weaker countries do not cooperate with the invader, the weaker countries would never be very occupied.I am arguing that non-violent resistance can prevent war or violence, but I do not mean that non-violent resistance can ceaselessly prevent war or violence. The effrontery of use the non-violent resistance strategy is that the two individuals or nations in conflicts have very distinctChen 5 power difference. If the two nations have same power, nix can know which nation is doubtless more compelling. Thus, while having conflicts, the two similar powerful nations have to fight each other to find out who is unfeignedly more powerful. As a result, there will have a war before the non-violent resistance to prevent wars.Thus, both federalism and non-violent resistance are necessary to achieve a completely peaceful world. The global government must have brilliant military power to deal with conflicts between nations. Inside individual nations, the national government must have dominant military power to deal with conflicts between varied communities of the nation. While facing conflicts, all the weaker sides, for example, a community which has conflicts with the national government, or a nation which has conflicts with the global government, must deal with the conflicts by either negotiation or non-violent resistance instead of war or violence. Finally, the completely peaceful world will be achieved.Both Federalism and non-violent resistance are necessary because I believe that human nature is a complex combination of both Hobbes and Hegels theory. Human beings have the first natural desire for safety. The second natural desires are gain, glory and recognition. Without life, all the gain, glory and recognition are meaningless. So safety must be the first natural desire. When security is guaranteed, human beings will turn to pursu e gain, glory and recognition.In theory, I argue that Federalism and non-violent resistance can completely eliminate war. In the real world, however, there are some challenges to realize Federalism and non-violent resistance. For instance, many people have Hobbesian syndrome. They deprave into Hobbes human nature theory, but they do not agree with Hegels theory. Thus, they believe that war is inevitable without a powerful global government. However, there is no powerful global government now, soChen 6 the people who have Hobbesian syndrome perpetually suggest investing heavily on military resources to prepare for the future inevitable war. If a superpower holds this view, it is very intemperate to establish a global government with dominant military power. For example, straightaway the only superpower, the united States, has nearly fractional of the whole world military spending annually. If the United States does not disarm, it is very difficult to set up a global governmen t which has greater military power than the United States. It is a circle, without a powerful global government, the United States believes that it must restrain great military resources. When the superpower United States engage great military resources, it is very difficult to set up a global government with a more powerful military.Another challenge comes from the non-violent strategy. When facing conflicts, sometimes it is ambiguous to know whether the conflicts come from the desire for safety, gain, glory or recognition. If the conflicts come from recognition, the non-violent resistance strategy will be very effective to prevent war or violence. However, if the conflicts come from safety, gain and glory, using non-violent resistance might just precisely like suicide. In history, there were lots of evidences of genocide incidents. For example, in the World War II, Nazi tried to kill all the Jews. So it is difficult to persuade everybody to always behave non-violent resistance w hile having conflicts with much more powerful competitors.In sum, human nature is the natural desires of safety, gain, glory and recognition. To match the natural desires, conflicts between individuals or nations will emerge. The conflicts are the very root of wars. A powerful world government and universally accepted non-violent resistance strategy can terminate wars in the world. However, there are some unsolved challenges of establishing a powerful world government and accepting non-violent resistance universally.Awad, Mubarak E., Nonviolent Resistance A schema for the Occupied Territories from Non-violence in theory and Practice, Robert L Holmes. Ed. Wadsworth Publishing Company, 1990.Hegel, G.W.F, Independence and Dependence of vanity Relations of Master and Servant from Phenomonology of Spirit, second ed. Forrest E.Baird and Walter Kaufmann, eds, Prentice-Hall, 2000.Hobbes, Thomas, excerpt from Leviathan, Public Domain, 1651.