No-Fault Divorce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

No-Fault Divorce - Essay ExampleIn the first decade of this century the grown of divorce rates has reached intimately epidemic proportions in the United States with as many as 12 million divorces registered over the 1990s which is the highest the developed world (Williams, 2000). Consequently, a number of experts lieu no-fault divorce as one of the key contributors to the increasingly high divorce rates in the US. Even brief analysis of the no-fault legislation and specifics of divorce apt(p) under it suggests that such belief relies on solid evidence and might be absolutely correct no-fault laws in their current form must be revised on the basis of sociological and legal experience that has been accumulated over the last three decades.The concept of no-fault divorce does not require deduction of any proofs or evidences of wrong-doing to dissolve a union. The first state to adopt no-fault laws was California where they came in force on January 1, 1970. The example of California was soon followed by otherwise states that implemented similar legislation. Prior to that, the outgrowth for obtaining a divorce involved mandatory provision of evidences demonstrating fault of one of the spouses. Requirements to the nature of such evidences were morose too. It was not sufficient to make a mere statement of not loving the spouse only a proved case of committed adultery, wrongdoing, giving up or other serious guilt qualified as a valid reason for divorce. At the same time, the spouse who preferred to save marriage had most instruments to do so. Therefore, it was up to the judge to weigh all evidences provided by both sides to the marriage, and often the decision regarding granting divorce was negative (Baskerville, 2000).The sophisticated divorce procedure forced many couples who did not commit any act sufficient for the court to grant divorce seek for the way to bypass it. This resulted in legion(predicate) tricks and legal fictions invented by lawyers to satis fy the needs of such couples. For the most part, these tricks were based on false testimonies. This tendency produced highly negative response from the legal union with numerous judges and lawyers arguing against the excessively strict divorce procedure. The key concern was that such increase of perjury cases occurrence might undermine the genius and integrity of the US system of justice. Advocates of a simplified divorce procedure claimed that adoption of no-fault laws was a better choice than forcing spouses continue living together or making perjury (Friedman, 2002).Although the no-fault legislation apparently simplified the divorce procedure, there has recently been a considerable movement for revocation of no-fault laws in the United States. some(prenominal) key problems are associated with the concept of no-fault divorce. Firstly, the initial objective pursued by authors and advocates of no-fault laws was to facilitate dissolution of marriage by mutual consent of both spous es. However, it glowering out that in most cases mutual consent was not in place and the new procedure enabled any party to the marriage to dissolve it without the other partys agreement. Thus, according to some estimates four out of five no-fault divorces were unilateral with only one of the spouses insisting on ending the marriage (Baskerville, 20

Course Reflection Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Course Reflection - Coursework ExampleMoreover, they facilitate the learning and communication about ethics and ethical issues. Nurses also render structures that encourage and espouse an ethical environment (Home & Care, 2010).As a nurse, I will foster the ethical issues of nurse by creating techniques that monitor and offer prompt feedback on the ethical performance of nurses and the nursing nerve as a whole. Nurses focus on the betterment of the organizations relationship to its immediate environment. In addition, they focus on organizations interpretation of human nature, truth, reality, and relationships as the prominent ethical dimensions that define the organizational culture (Falk & Chong, 2008).I will ensure that others foster trust within the organization as this is the sole lubricant for all smooth and transparent operations and values in the organizations. The shift in thinking took place after considering the future tense issues in nursing. The future issues that fa ce the nursing fraternity have a direct bearing to the ethical code of conduct of the nursing profession. Hence, it is paramount to scan on the ethical issues and deliberate on how the nurse leaders can put in place mechanisms that will guarantee effective, ethical issues in the nursing fraternity. For instance, the nurses are required financial motivation to offer proper services, an issue that when not addressed will culminate into a worse unethical

Sports injury. Lumbosacral disorder acquired during military training Essay

Sports injury. Lumbosacral disorder acquired during military training in 1998 and now preventing participation in sports - Essay ExampleOne common shell is stress fracture. This may occur in as much a twenty percent of military trainees (Jansson, et.al., 2004) This type of fracture may leave a scar which can still be evident in the future. The next paragraphs will be a narration of the authors personal inhabit regarding a lumbosaccral injury incurred nine years ago during military training. This is a hindrance to the authors willingness to participate in sports at present.The infliction is worse when I tried to lean back while standing and gets a little better when stooping or during recumbency. At first. I did not hear the pain. I thought that I just got tired like the previous days of training. During the night, however, I did not feel comfortable. The pain was bothering me and I could not belong fifteen minutes in one position. It was as if something heavy was on my back. In itially, I would grade the pain as 3/10 in the pain scale. However, during the night, the pain progressed to 6/10. I then took Mefenamic Acid, 500 mg capsule to relieve the pain. The medicine was able to relieve the pain for a while. However, the relief barely lasted for an hour. It came back after an hour. When the pain came back, it ws 8/10 on the pain scale. Although I just took the Mefenamic Acid an hour before, I decided to take another(prenominal) capsule of Mefenamic Acid, 500 mg. The pain was again relieved. At that time, the pain became 5/10 on the pain scale. I then decided to seek chat from the physician in our infirmary.Note To aid in the quantifications of my pain, the Visual Analogue Scale or the Pain Scale was used. This is based on a opthalmic chart developed by Wewers (1990). Below is a copy of the Visual Analogue Scale. A V.A.S. card was printed by on a piece of composition board in the infirmary. I have included the VAS score of the pain I felt during that tim e.I did not feel tingling

Sherman Antitrust Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sherman Antitrust Act - Essay ExampleThe Sherman Act is also a consumer vindication measure that ensures a single company will non monopolize a product, service or industry in a way that deprives consumers of a reasonable choice of whom to do business with. This enables consumers to influence the pricing of products and services by leveraging their demand among multiple competing suppliers.Despite the important purposes of the antitrust laws, coition has seen fit to carve out various exemptions for certain types of businesses and activities. For each such exemption, there is a rationale, the merits of which can often be debated. Among the antitrust exemptions are the questOne of the most debated - and maligned - exemptions to the antitrust laws is the exemption for professional baseball. It is an exemption that no other professional sport enjoys. The exemption was granted to Major League baseball in 1922 by the U.S. Supreme Court, which held that baseball is a sport, not a busine ss engaged in interstate commerce, and therefore antitrust laws do not apply (Stephenson, 2001, par. 2). The effect of this decision is that owners can act in concert on many matters that a regulated business cannot (par. 3).

Health and Safety Gap Analysis Essay Example for Free

Health and Safety Gap Analysis Essay1. GAP Analysis and GANT chart.This was a rock-steady start and gave us something to aim for. We have made some progress but not adequacy. It didnt really tackle the serious issues and had a poor starting point in the GAP analysis (should have been a risk assessment). Many initiatives have failed due to poor information flow and centering commitment.2. Management buy-inNot enough support from all Managers at all levels. We are too busy was a common phrase heard, IOSH guidance on Safety management systems states that Managers need to manage health and safety issues effectively, no matter how busy they are and whatever their workload. E.g., Kev too busy for trainingAlex all sorts of issuesDavid very goodNo action on recommendations.Heath and safety is seen as a secondary rail line activity, not as a primary consideration. Everyone has suggestions to improve health and Safety at Barfoots but most are not willing to take action when required . Low attendance at the committee meetings, I feel as though they are a waste of time3. Health and safety committeeNothing is ever pick out out as there is low attendanceI would suggest forming a new committee formed by safety representatives from each flying field of the business. Safety reps would need training in health and safety and allowed time to discharge their duties.4. My roleHeath and safety management is not just intimately one person, but about the whole organisation working towards a common finishing, the reduction of accidents and incidents. At the moment all of this has been put on me. I sometimes feel confused as to what action to take next.Because people disregard actions I find it hard to keep track of what needs to be done. I am sometimes used as a backup because no one else is there at the time. IE water jug, signs, etc. What chest of drawers do I have?I need to spend more time on policy, organization and auditing than I do and less time on the daily manage ment of the process.i. Fire proceduresii. Boomiii. Delivering and maintaining proceduresiv. First aidv. Chasing up managersNot suitably qualified, NEBOSH1-2 years2300- 5000We are now a multi site business growing rapidly. My skills need to grow with it. MHSWR 99 requires that every employer shall appoint one or more competent persons to assist and advise on health and safety. I nave taken advice which suggested that I should be qualified to NEBOSH level. Syllabus is base around the development and implementation of a OSHMS in a company. Potentially reduced cost in terms of outsourced services, Fire survey, noise survey etc. It will mean that I have accountability as written in my trick description.Who do I report to and is that the right person?5. OSHMSWe set out with a list of goals and have achieved some but not others. The first goal should have been the establishment of a an OSHMS in order to create a structure to hang everything else off. There are a number of options for OSH MS all of them based on the Plan Do Check Act principle PDCAHSG65BS 8800OHSAS 18001ILOHSG65 Is the HSEs OSHMS and states if you do follow the guidance you will normally be doing enough to comply with the law We can audit against an OSHMS and set performance targets.

Special Needs Rule Criminal Evidence Essay Example for Free

Special Needs Rule Criminal Evidence EssayThis week we were giving the following scenario and pack to decide if this incident follows in the special needs rule and if it justify the military officers search of the parked cars trunk without presumptive cause? In this essay I will be discussing the special needs rule and my thoughts on the scenario.First of all allow me start by giving the scenario we were given to work on this week that way you do a better idea of whats going on. A police officer was investigating a burglary during which a handgun had been stolen. The police officer was at the time also acting as the police advisor to a proud rail. School officials called the officer and told him that the gun might be in the trunk of a students car parked in the school parking lot.Next let me explain the special needs rule that way you have a clear understanding of what it means. This is when an officer olfactions that he or someone else is in endangerment and must satis fy a government interest beyond ordinary criminal wrong doing. Just so you understand what it means here an practice .A officer goes to a call for domestic dispute and other people in house start acting sapience and he spots a gun near one of the residents then he may search house and retained everyone till the house is cle atomic number 18d for his asylum and other.In the above scenario I believe the officer has full rights to search the said vehicle do to the facts as listed. The first cause would be guns are not permitted on school grounds and I believe it his duty to see to it that it not goanna be used to commit a crime against students on campus. Last of all I believe no student should have a gun in a vehicle without being legal long time and having proper carriage licenses. I believe that the officer has all right to believe that there is a crime is being committed if said school officials have proof that there is cause to believe student has gun.My personal thoughts if th is officer was made aware and didnt check itout as a parent I would be upset. For several reason but mostly due to fact that he could have put mine and other children in harms way. I believe it always better to be safe than sorry due to how bad the school shootings have got. I feel if we could get guns out of our kids hands then we should and authorizes should help.Well now that this is said I hope you find my points and thought to be helpful and honest. I have really enjoyed learning about this special need rule and believe that officer have become so afraid of being wrong that they adoptt exercise this rule enough. As a officer wife I know I would rather my husband be safe and take hold his oath to protect than to have a guilty consciences.References that I found useful1. www.enotes.com//consider-following-scenario-police-officer-was-2602. www.policemag.com/channel/patrol//10/public-school-searches.aspx3. www.legalupdateonline.com/ quaternate/5874. I also talk with Officer Luke Denning of Springfield Police Department of Springfield, FL

Honor killingskillings Essay Example for Free

Honor killingskillings EssayIt is shocking to see that in directlys era when education and awargonness has force the most integral dampen of human and societal develop custodyt. Moreover, women empowerment and their role in every walk of proceeds have changed over the period of time. There atomic number 18 still such obscene practices that argon creation acquiree in virtuallywhat parts of the world under the disguised name of celebrate killing and Pakistan being one of the countries which holds the highest judge of honor killings in the world. Karo Kari another name for ignorance.This name originated from the rural aras of interior sindh. It is being exercise in aras of Sindh such as Jacocabad, Sukkur, Khairpur, and Larkana along with other areas of Sindh and some places in Punjab. THE TRIBAL SYSTEM Pakistani family is rich with multiple assimilations and ethnic back offgrounds. Each of these cultures and people from diversified ethnic groups come from distinct backgrounds and live to hither hence they have their accept traditions and customs which they have been following since age.In the rural areas of Pakistan the tribal system still exists such as areas in the interior sindh. This is where the jirga system or commonly known as the panchayat system exists. Under this system the rich and the authoritative path of the village persists to institute a committee and takes decisions on behalf of everyone and the decision given by this group is bound to be accepted by every member of the purchase order. They have their own way of judging the case and passing a verdict on that, they take their own time, they think over it and give the date for the decision.The lower and the short(p) working class is suppressed under this system as they dont have any say in it and obliged to follow it. KARO KARI Karo Kari is practiced when the women of the family has brought dishonor to the family name by any means. This could be if the woman has any il licit relations with any man, or an extra marital affair, she could be a rape victim or even if she wants to get married to somebody of her choice she is brutally killed by one of the family members themselves in order to bring back the lost glory and name of the family.It is not just this that an innocent women croupe be categorized as Kari and killed it is also when the family and the brothers want to keep the property and decompose repose disputes she becomes a victim of this murder, for example if a man owes some capital to a person and that creditor comes to his place in order to collect the money to his place from another village and stays over night. The person who owes the money would kill his wife next day and declare her a Kari so that he doesnt have to pay the money .in this way the creditor would choose to leave without taking the money rather being declared as Karo and being killed. Similarly a man can be declared a Karo even if he doesnt have any kind of affair wit h a woman but he has any form of dispute with some other tribe and hell be killed under the name of honor killing. These killings tend to have the most inhuman ways of torturing some one and sentencing them to death. They will bury the girlfriend alive recently in one of the states of Sindh, Khairpur a girl was thrown in appear of dogs to be torn apart as an act of hour killing.THE RISE IN THE NUMBER OF KILLINGS It is very demoralise to see that the trend in the number of killings that has taken place due to this has increased over the years instead of dropping. It is estimated that over the last six years in Pakistan the number of deaths caused by Karo Kari have been more than six thousand which included around 800 men too, so it is not just women who fall for this, in that respect are men too but their number is relatively lower than the women.Different societies have divers(prenominal) people and thinking on that pointfore they believe what they are doing is the right way b ut this practice of suppressing the right of women and taking her right to live is a murderous crime and contradictory to the teachings of Islam. It is that barbaric evil of the society that has to be eliminated completely. even up worse is the fact that the rich and important class tends to get away with this practice while the poor are helpless and they become the victim. THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENTAs far as the government and other NGOs are concerned then in the year 2004 there was an amendment made in the constitution which declared honor killings such as Karo Kari as equal to murder however, this amendment neer came into practice because under another clause of the constitution it was stated that the incriminate can get away with the crime if one gets the consent of the family and in this case of Karo Kari the victims family itself is the one who are doing it therefore cryptograph can be put to trial as they dont appear in the police station.It is the governments duty to look into this effect and they should have made an alteration in the other amendment so that this brutal practice can be put to an end, however no concrete tincture has been taken to curb this. KARO KARI IS UNJUSTIFIABLE Karo Kari is a cultural shock to anyone who belongs to a civilized, developed and educated society and would condemn it. it is a murder not a punishment there could be any other ways of punishing one for their doings but such act is not justifiable on any grounds, it is barbaric and takes away the freedom of speech and expression.The dominating men in the jirga system have curbed the rights of women in these rural areas. It is actually the sardars who are the influential waderas who tend to encourage this practice as this increases their prestige in the society ,over that they get a compensation from the jirga too. Karo Kari is another name for ignorance, Islam has already restricted the Muslims and it has traffic circle punishments for the victim therefore any other act that is being practiced under its name is simply ignorance.In Islam having an illicit sexual relationship is condemned and the accused is whipped not subject to killing. How can one justify the killing of a woman who has been subjected to rape? By declaring such a women Kari and killing her society is depriving the thought from getting justice and instead of taking her out of that trauma one is putting an end to her life. Why are women accused more then men in Karo Kari, it is not that men are more faithful then women it is just that women are weak in these areas and men are strong that is wherefore they are able to get away with it.These jirga have no right to take away the liberty to live from such people they should work for the benefits of the society by coming to a conclusion on the hind end of shariah not merely stay ignorant. Women are not property that their life is unploughed at stake to resolve land disputes. Moreover the killing is done in the most inhuman way. T o bury some one alive, throwing her in front of dogs or to burn her alive is unjustifiable. Such practices were there in the olden days when there was no education and no awareness but its shocking that it still exists in our society and nobody has done anything to put an end to it.It is unjustly exploited by the feudal land master copys and the elite class of the village who use Karo Kari to resolve their personal matters. One such incident took place when a native of interior Sindh came home after years of large(p) work from Dubai and brought money back home to start some form of business in his native land. He came in the eyes of the feudal lord due to his money and business. The opportunist wanted to trap him in the case of Karo Kari and he got the opportunity when the man by mistake prayed on the grave of some other women, thinking it to be his wifes grave.The feudal lord took advantage of this and declared him a Karo the man not only paid 15million to the land lord in order to save his life, he was kicked out of his home land and his business was taken away. There are many such instances when the influential people of the panchayat system tend to trap others for their own good and they use this practice of Karo Kari as a tool in order to get away with it. It is unfortunate to see that such murders are given the name of honor killings. THE URBAN AREAS VERSUS THE RURAL SETUPThe tragedy with these women lies in the fact that they are born in such a set up and society where they are considered as a burden on the family. Girls still cannot compete with the boys and uncomplete can they express their opinion. Sons are preferred over daughters. Daughters are not encouraged to go to school or get exposed to the outside world. thereof their thinking is confined to just one place. They are expected to do what they are asked for and nothing else. Lives in the urban areas are an extreme opposite idea of this.If one may not go far and compare with places in the s imilar province such as Karachi. The region is developed and modern. It is a planetary city and comprises of people from all caste, color and creed and they all share different cultures and languages and live altogether. Women here are educated and empowered like never before. They are independent, focused and know exactly what they want out of their lives. They are working as well as having a family and they are doing well in every walk of lives and competing with men.They take their own decisions. The surviving and culture of these societies varies from the rural areas actually there is no comparison. The two societies share the same religion and language yet again there are differences of opinions and thinking process. The urban life of Karachi is mush more modern and liberal as they are adopting the western culture in their society. Apart from the right to go out or make money, women can dress up the way she wants, socialize, make friends and do whatever she wants to.Girls ar e actually encouraged to go and study in co education and moreover sent abroad for further education and their families and relatives support them in this. In these urban areas there is no such thing as jirga system. life sentence is different here justice drawn through legal courts and with the help of police. A rape victim can go to the police and lodge a complaint against the culprit and she has the right to live and fight for her right and nobody can stop her. All kinds of disputes pertaining to property, ownership, marriage or anything are resolved through legal procedure in the courts.After the age of eighteen years the girl and the boy have the right to choose her own life partner and get married to him legally. The concept of honor killings does not exist in these urban areas. This society has its own set of evils and drawbacks such as poverty, corruption, unemployment, terrorism. Women in urban areas are as influential and resourceful then men that they can not be dominate d unjustly. Tribal system is a sign of backwardness and illiteracy and refusal to accept this fact is what is leading to what it is today.These two societies have completely different set of values, cultures, traditions and norms that they follow. The living and lifestyles of these people are also different. In the urban areas there are also powerful and influential people who tend to abbreviate the weaker class, however that is done in entire different way where the free will of everyone is not included like the jirga system where everyone is bound to listen to them? Life in the urban society has made men and women strong and independent thats the way they are brought up, whereas the tribal system has put them in a much weaker stand.The practice of Karo Kari is a social issue and it can not come to an end until there is no change in the social twist of the society and in order to change to be there, there has to be awareness and education and the powers of the rich and the land l ords needs to be curbed so that they dont exploit the common man who work for them as their slaves. It should not be encouraged but since it has been following from years and the people in the villages henchman it as a matter of prestige and honor that is why is strongly accepted and being followed. It is not being used in villages to make faint money.The mens of the family tend to kill their own daughter, wives and sisters ruthlessly in order to make easy money. it is actually depressing to see this that in todays time such type of unjust ways of killings are taking place by the wrongdoers and they are justified on the basis of honor killings. 60% cases of the cases of Karo Kari are reported to be where the accused were innocent and yet killed. Every society and every religion have their own set of limitations which are known to all. Yet again those are not being followed that doesnt mean that one can make use of it and exploit it on the basis of ghayrat.There are officials in th e government who havent done anything to stop this practice because they feel it is not wrong, not only men, there are women who are seen in the political setup who have the ability to do something, yet are not doing anything. There are different cultures and people living in one country and each of them have their own problems and drawbacks. Whereas in one province one woman can get married by giving a divorce to her husband and in the other society she is buried alive if she has her own opinion.This tribal system has gone so worse that the people who live under it fear their death and therefore few try to escape and the ones who have money give that and get away with everything. Even if people try to escape these killings the villagers look for them and they kill them whenever and wherever they find them. Education is the key in all this that can reduce the gap and discrimination among the two societies and give everyone the freedom to live as an independent citizen. ohou Key wor ds Honor killings in Pakistan Karo Kari and the tribal system Women empowerment